Cybersecurity Basics 🔐

What Is Cybersecurity?

Cybersecurity refers to the practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks...

⚠️ Common Threats

• Malware: Malicious software designed to harm or exploit devices.
• Ransomware: A type of malware that locks data until a ransom is paid.
• Phishing: Fraudulent attempts to obtain sensitive information.
• Data Breaches: Unauthorized access to confidential data.

✅ Best Practices

• Keep software and systems updated.
• Use strong, unique passwords.
• Enable multi-factor authentication.
• Regularly back up important data.
• Educate employees and users on security awareness.

🛠️ Tools & Resources

• Antivirus and anti-malware software
• Firewalls and intrusion detection systems
• Security awareness training platforms
• Government and nonprofit cybersecurity guides

Phishing Awareness 🎣

What Is Phishing?

Phishing is a cybercrime where attackers impersonate legitimate entities...

📬 Types of Phishing Attacks

• Email Phishing
• Spear Phishing
• Smishing
• Vishing

🔍 How to Spot Phishing

• Suspicious sender addresses
• Urgent or threatening language
• Unexpected attachments or links
• Requests for personal or financial information

🛡️ Prevention Tips

• Never click on unknown links or attachments.
• Verify sender identity before responding.
• Use spam filters and email authentication tools.
• Report phishing attempts to IT or cybersecurity teams.

📢 Reporting Phishing

• Forward suspicious emails to your organization’s security team.
• Use government reporting portals.
• Alert others to prevent further attacks.

Password Hygiene Tips 🔑

Why Passwords Matter

Passwords are the first line of defense against unauthorized access...

🧠 Characteristics of Strong Passwords

• At least 12 characters long
• Includes uppercase, lowercase, numbers, and symbols
• Avoids dictionary words or personal info
• Unique for each account

🧰 Password Management Tools

• Password Managers: Bitwarden, LastPass, 1Password
• Browser-integrated managers: Chrome, Firefox, Edge

🔐 Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)

• Adds an extra layer of security
• Common methods: SMS codes, authenticator apps, biometrics
• Recommended for email, banking, and cloud services

🚫 Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Reusing passwords across accounts
• Writing passwords on paper or sticky notes
• Ignoring password change alerts
• Sharing passwords via email or messaging apps